Smoky

Operation Plumbbob

September 8, 1957 · Nevada Test Site (NTS) · Balloon · 1 kt

A nuclear device suspended from a balloon and exploded in the atmosphere.

Shot Shasta, Operation Plumbbob — 152-metre tower detonation, Nevada Test Site (Yucca Flat), 18 August 1957;
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Unknown

Printed in 1961

Color print on fiber paper: A Kodak paper

4x5 in (10.2x12.7 cm)

Mushroom cloud of Shot Smoky, 15th full-scale detonation of Operation Plumbbob, separating from its stem above the Nevada Test Site, 31 August 1957. Brush fires visible on hillsides from thermal pulse. UCRL TX-41 thermonuclear development test, 700-foot tower, 44 kt. Lookout Mountain Laboratory, USAF. AEC-57-5830.
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Unknown

Printed in 1957

Silver gelatin print

8x10 in (20.3x25.4 cm)

Serial number, Stamp

Shot Smoky was the 15th full-scale atomic detonation of Operation Plumbbob, fired on 31 August 1957 from a 700-foot tower in Area 8 of the Nevada Test Site. At 44 kilotons it was a UCRL development test of the TX-41 thermonuclear design — a two-stage device using a boosted primary fired in a thermonuclear system mockup, with some yield contributed by the secondary stage. The TX-41 lineage leads directly to the Mk-41 bomb, which became the highest-yield nuclear weapon ever developed and deployed by the United States at 25 megatons. The device itself was massive: 50 inches in diameter, over 10 feet long, weighing 9,408 lb. This Lookout Mountain Laboratory photograph — AEC-57-5830 — shows Smoky later in its development than most test photographs: shot in full daylight, the mushroom cloud already beginning to shear from its stem, the surrounding Nevada hills visible in the grey morning light. To the left, brush fires ignited by the thermal pulse burn on the hillsides. Smoky subsequently became one of the most consequential shots in the history of American nuclear testing. Over 3,000 servicemen conducted Desert Rock maneuvers in the vicinity of ground zero shortly after detonation. A 1980 epidemiological study of 3,224 participants found ten cases of leukemia against an expected baseline of four.